-
Phonological Rules Governing English Loanwords in Lontómbá Language
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
1-5
Received:
1 November 2020
Accepted:
12 November 2020
Published:
4 January 2021
Abstract: People on Earth get in touch for diverse reasons such as trade, migrations, tourism, and work. These people speak different languages and desire to communicate. In this context, the language problem (language barrier) occurs in their communication because of differences in languages. This barrier does not prevent them from speaking because the communication desire obliges them to interact. But while interacting, words are borrowed from one language to another. Therefore, there is a co-penetration of linguistic expressions. That is, words of one language can be used in another one and vice versa. Such words, most of the time, undergo changes in spelling and pronunciation. Considering the case of Lontómbá speakers and English ones, one can notice that Lontómbá speakers have borrowed words from English through different contacts with English speakers (missionaries). Up to now there is not any scientific explanation about these borrowings that can help understand exactly the adaptation of the English borrowings in Lontómbá. Therefore, the problem that leads to conduct this research is the remarkable lack of a reliable scientific explanation of English loanwords in Lontómbá language. The aim of this article is to find out the phonological rules that govern the change in pronunciation of the English loanwords in Lontómbá language. After the analysis of a corpus of 100 English loanwords in Lontómbá, this paper has found out the phonological rules explaining the change in pronunciation of the English loanwords.
Abstract: People on Earth get in touch for diverse reasons such as trade, migrations, tourism, and work. These people speak different languages and desire to communicate. In this context, the language problem (language barrier) occurs in their communication because of differences in languages. This barrier does not prevent them from speaking because the comm...
Show More
-
Perspectives on the Trichotomy Paradigm: A Case Study of Translation Strategies from Dr. Zha’s Diary of Fighting the COVID-19
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
6-12
Received:
23 January 2021
Accepted:
9 February 2021
Published:
10 March 2021
Abstract: Over the past few centuries, dichotomy has been playing a dominant role in the field of translation, which has made significant contributions to the development of translation practices and studies. Nonetheless, its weakness has been gradually realized due to the complex, ever-changing nature of language. The proposal of the Trichotomy Paradigm in translation studies provides a new perspective into translation, giving both a fresh insight into its theoretical exploration and an original understanding into its practice. As a comprehensive system, the Trichotomy Paradigm can be divided into three levels: namely, the macro-level, meso-level and micro-level, among which the meso-level is concerned with translation strategies. Borrowing from Reiss’ text type theory to the mesoscopic research of the system, this article analyses the Chinese-English translation strategies of Dr. Zha’s Diary of Fighting the COVID-19. By analyzing ten typical examples of how Reiss’ text types---- the informative text, the expressive text and the operative text are applied to the translation of the book, the author points out Reiss’ text type theory is well adapted to the Trichotomy Paradigm, which as a three-dimensional and comprehensive dynamic translation framework can provide guidance and insight for translators to engage in translation practices as well as translation studies. This article will shed some light on these new perspectives in translation studies.
Abstract: Over the past few centuries, dichotomy has been playing a dominant role in the field of translation, which has made significant contributions to the development of translation practices and studies. Nonetheless, its weakness has been gradually realized due to the complex, ever-changing nature of language. The proposal of the Trichotomy Paradigm in ...
Show More
-
Graphophonic Rules Governing English Loanwords in Lontómbá Language
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
13-20
Received:
29 January 2021
Accepted:
16 February 2021
Published:
12 March 2021
Abstract: The English loanwords entered into Lontómbá language have undergone some adaptation in both spelling and pronunciation. This adaptation needs to be explained in a scientific way. This article analyses 100 English loanwords that have been adapted in Lontómbá language at the graphophonic level so as to find out the rules that govern their adaptation in Lontómbá. To reach this purpose, the based-corpus approach is applied in the analysis of data with a focus on spelling of the original English loanwords and the way they are written and pronounced in Lontómbá language. To put it very clear, the analysis is mainly based on the graphs i.e. how letters are combined to produce one sound in English, and how the same letters are adapted in Lontómbá through the process of epenthesis. In this vein, one can understand that this article attempts to answer the question “are there any rules that govern the change in the spelling of graphs of English loanwords in Lontómbá language?” The analysis of data led to the following results: (1) no English word that enters Lontómbá language keeps its original form. That is to say, English words are adapted in Lontómbá by changing the spelling and pronunciation. (2) Each English loanword entering Lontómbá language must have a vowel grapheme ending by the following sub-rules. (3) Digraphs and trigraphs of English words are eliminated by the process of epenthesis. (4) An English loanword adapted in Lontómbá should not contain the graphemes r and c (5) An English loanword adapted in Lontómbá should not contain digraph vowels and digraph consonants. (6) English vowel graphemes are also adapted in Lontómbá language according to the way they are pronounced in English. (7) The consonant grapheme in English words c, g, and d that enter Lontómbá language are adapted by changing c into k or s, g into k, and d into t.
Abstract: The English loanwords entered into Lontómbá language have undergone some adaptation in both spelling and pronunciation. This adaptation needs to be explained in a scientific way. This article analyses 100 English loanwords that have been adapted in Lontómbá language at the graphophonic level so as to find out the rules that govern their adaptation ...
Show More
