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Language Maintenance and Shift of Flora’s Lexicons in Karonese Traditional Food: An Ecolinguistic Perspective

Received: 19 October 2016     Accepted: 9 November 2016     Published: 10 December 2016
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Abstract

This article aims at finding out how flora’s lexicons associated with Karonese traditional food are maintained and shifted. A qualitative research design is used to explore the phenomena of such social issues. The data were flora’s lexicons associated with Karonese traditional food in seven villages (i.e. Lau Kambing, Turangi, Penungkiren, Buluh Pering, Lau Dayang, Gunung Merlawan, and Seribu Jadi) at Salapian Sub-District North Sumatra Indonesia. The data were obtained from 210 informants (30 persons from each of the villages). The informants were classified into six groups to differentiate between generations. The data were collected using three techniques including (i) observation, (ii) interview, and (iii) document. The data were analyzed using the interactive model proposed by Miles, Huberman and Saldana (2014: 31-33). The findings of this research are: (i) two out of three kinds of Karonese traditional foods were no longer recognized by people in these seven villages, and most of the flora’s lexicons associated with those foods were shifted. Meanwhile, the other kind of food is still recognized leading to the maintenance of flora’s lexicons associated with it; and (ii) the factors motivating language maintenance and language shift of flora’s lexicons in Karonese traditional food are (a) whether those lexicons refer to staple food of the local people, and (b) whether the reference of those lexicons is also used in making other kinds of food.

Published in Communication and Linguistics Studies (Volume 2, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.cls.20160201.13
Page(s) 13-17
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Ecolinguistics, Flora’s Lexicons, Karonese Traditional Food, Language Maintenance, Language Shift

References
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[2] Derni, A. 2008. “The Ecolinguistic Paradigm: An Integrationist Trend in Language Study”. The International Journal of Language Society and Culture, Issue 24, pp. 21-30.
[3] Fill, A. 1993. Ökolinguistik - Eine Einführung. Tübingen: Narr.
[4] Fill, A. and P. Mühlhäusler. (Eds.) 2001. The Ecolinguistics Reader. Language, Ecology and Environment. London: Continuum
[5] Haugen, E. 1972. The Ecology of Language. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
[6] Haugen, E. 2001. “The Ecology of Language”. In A. Fill and P. Mühlhäusler (Eds.), The Ecolinguistics Reader: Language, Ecology and Environment. London: Continuum, pp. 57-66.
[7] Hult, F. M. 2003. “English on the streets of Sweden: An ecolinguistic view of two cities and a language policy”. Working Papers in Educational Linguistics, Vol. 19 (1), pp. 43-63.
[8] International Council for Science. 2015. Review of Targets for the Sustainable Development Goals: The Science Perspective. Paris: International Council for Science (ICSU).
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[10] Lechevrel, N. 2009. “The intertwined histories of ecolinguistics and ecological approaches of language(s): Historical and theoretical aspects of a research paradigm”. Symposium on Ecolinguistics: The Ecology of Science, June 2009, Odense, Denmark, pp. 1-11.
[11] Maffi, L. 2011. On biocultural diversity: linking language, knowledge, and the environment. Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
[12] Mahesa, R. M. 2014. “Analisis Psikologis Konsumen Remaja terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk ‘Jajanan’ Onde–Onde di Mojokerto”. Unpublished Thesis. Surabaya: Universitas Pembangunan Nasional VETERAN.
[13] Mbete, A. M. 2009. “Problematika Keetnikan dan Kebahasaan dalam Persfektif Ekolinguistik.” Presented at the 3rd National Seminar on Culture and Ethnicity, held by the University of Sumatera Utara on April 25, 2009.
[14] Miles, M. B., A. M. Huberman & J. Saldaña. 2014. Qualitative data analysis: a methods sourcebook. 3rd Edition. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
[15] Milroy, L. & M. Gordon. 2003. Sociolinguistics: Method and Interpretation. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
[16] Nash, J. 2013. Insular Toponymies: Pristine Place-naming on Norfolk Island, South Pacific and Dudley Peninsula, Kangaroo Island, South Australia. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
[17] Reid, A. 2014. The Blood of the People: Revolution and the End of Traditional Rule in Northern Sumatra. Singapore: NUS Press.
[18] Roni, A. 2001. Aneka Ragam Makanan Tradisional Minangkabau. Padang: Departemen Pendidikan Nasional Direktorat Jendral Kebudayaan Museum Negeri Propinsi Sumatra Barat.
[19] Sachdev, I. and D. Hanlon. 2001. “Language Attitudes, Perceptions and Identity: Some Haida and Cree Data”. London Journal of Canadian Studies, Vol. 16, pp. 69-87.
[20] Sallabank, J. 2010. “Endangered language maintenance and revitalisation: the role of social networks”. Anthropological Linguistics, Vol. 52 (3), pp. 184-205.
[21] Steciag, M. 2010. “Environmental Discourse in Public Debates in Poland: Relativization, Exclusion and Acceptance”. Language and Ecology, Vol. 3 (2), pp. 1-16.
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  • APA Style

    Bahagia Tarigan, Eddy Setia, Dwi Widayati, Aron Meko Mbete. (2016). Language Maintenance and Shift of Flora’s Lexicons in Karonese Traditional Food: An Ecolinguistic Perspective. Communication and Linguistics Studies, 2(1), 13-17. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cls.20160201.13

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    ACS Style

    Bahagia Tarigan; Eddy Setia; Dwi Widayati; Aron Meko Mbete. Language Maintenance and Shift of Flora’s Lexicons in Karonese Traditional Food: An Ecolinguistic Perspective. Commun. Linguist. Stud. 2016, 2(1), 13-17. doi: 10.11648/j.cls.20160201.13

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    AMA Style

    Bahagia Tarigan, Eddy Setia, Dwi Widayati, Aron Meko Mbete. Language Maintenance and Shift of Flora’s Lexicons in Karonese Traditional Food: An Ecolinguistic Perspective. Commun Linguist Stud. 2016;2(1):13-17. doi: 10.11648/j.cls.20160201.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.cls.20160201.13,
      author = {Bahagia Tarigan and Eddy Setia and Dwi Widayati and Aron Meko Mbete},
      title = {Language Maintenance and Shift of Flora’s Lexicons in Karonese Traditional Food: An Ecolinguistic Perspective},
      journal = {Communication and Linguistics Studies},
      volume = {2},
      number = {1},
      pages = {13-17},
      doi = {10.11648/j.cls.20160201.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cls.20160201.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cls.20160201.13},
      abstract = {This article aims at finding out how flora’s lexicons associated with Karonese traditional food are maintained and shifted. A qualitative research design is used to explore the phenomena of such social issues. The data were flora’s lexicons associated with Karonese traditional food in seven villages (i.e. Lau Kambing, Turangi, Penungkiren, Buluh Pering, Lau Dayang, Gunung Merlawan, and Seribu Jadi) at Salapian Sub-District North Sumatra Indonesia. The data were obtained from 210 informants (30 persons from each of the villages). The informants were classified into six groups to differentiate between generations. The data were collected using three techniques including (i) observation, (ii) interview, and (iii) document. The data were analyzed using the interactive model proposed by Miles, Huberman and Saldana (2014: 31-33). The findings of this research are: (i) two out of three kinds of Karonese traditional foods were no longer recognized by people in these seven villages, and most of the flora’s lexicons associated with those foods were shifted. Meanwhile, the other kind of food is still recognized leading to the maintenance of flora’s lexicons associated with it; and (ii) the factors motivating language maintenance and language shift of flora’s lexicons in Karonese traditional food are (a) whether those lexicons refer to staple food of the local people, and (b) whether the reference of those lexicons is also used in making other kinds of food.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Language Maintenance and Shift of Flora’s Lexicons in Karonese Traditional Food: An Ecolinguistic Perspective
    AU  - Bahagia Tarigan
    AU  - Eddy Setia
    AU  - Dwi Widayati
    AU  - Aron Meko Mbete
    Y1  - 2016/12/10
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cls.20160201.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.cls.20160201.13
    T2  - Communication and Linguistics Studies
    JF  - Communication and Linguistics Studies
    JO  - Communication and Linguistics Studies
    SP  - 13
    EP  - 17
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2380-2529
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cls.20160201.13
    AB  - This article aims at finding out how flora’s lexicons associated with Karonese traditional food are maintained and shifted. A qualitative research design is used to explore the phenomena of such social issues. The data were flora’s lexicons associated with Karonese traditional food in seven villages (i.e. Lau Kambing, Turangi, Penungkiren, Buluh Pering, Lau Dayang, Gunung Merlawan, and Seribu Jadi) at Salapian Sub-District North Sumatra Indonesia. The data were obtained from 210 informants (30 persons from each of the villages). The informants were classified into six groups to differentiate between generations. The data were collected using three techniques including (i) observation, (ii) interview, and (iii) document. The data were analyzed using the interactive model proposed by Miles, Huberman and Saldana (2014: 31-33). The findings of this research are: (i) two out of three kinds of Karonese traditional foods were no longer recognized by people in these seven villages, and most of the flora’s lexicons associated with those foods were shifted. Meanwhile, the other kind of food is still recognized leading to the maintenance of flora’s lexicons associated with it; and (ii) the factors motivating language maintenance and language shift of flora’s lexicons in Karonese traditional food are (a) whether those lexicons refer to staple food of the local people, and (b) whether the reference of those lexicons is also used in making other kinds of food.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Linguistics Department, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia

  • Linguistics Department, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia

  • Linguistics Department, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia

  • Linguistics Study Program, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia

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